Investigating the host-pathogen interaction between Vibrio parahaemolyticus and macrophages, Understanding the role of reactive oxygen stresses

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Issue Date
2020-08
Authors
Vojnar, Brittany '20
Degree
MS in Molecular Biosciences
Advisor
Parent, Michelle A.
Committee Members
Shakerley, Nicole L.
Malik, Meenakshi
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Abstract
Vibrio parahaemolyticus serovar O3:K6, the most common cause of bacterial seafood-related illness, is responsible for 48% of all reported Vibrio spp. infections in the United States. At this time, limited literature is available regarding organism pathogenesis and especially the host response and immunity to infection. It is well known that pathogenic bacteria may produce enzymes such as catalase (katE1, katE2), alkyl hydroperoxide reductase (ahpC1, ahpC2) and peroxiredoxins allowing for survival in toxic environments, specifically in the presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Toward that end, we have hypothesized that V. parahaemolyticus utilizes its antioxidant capabilities, such as katE, ahpC, and other antioxidant associated enzymes, to survive in diverse environments, not just in the mammalian host. Here, we investigated the antioxidant genes involved in V. parahaemolyticus survival when exposed to toxic oxygen species present in separate models; in-vitro culture and murine BMDM infection. We determined that catalases such as katE1 and katE2 and the peroxiredoxin and reductant system involving ahpC1 and ahpF are required for survival in different models of exposure to ROS. Additionally, these antioxidant genes are regulated by OxyR. At this time, characterization of organism survival in varying environments will allow for a more complete understanding of organism virulence and survival in different hosts and environments providing a comprehensive understanding of Vibrio parahaemolyticus pathogenesis. Ultimately, the goal is to formulate treatment algorithms to facilitate pathogenic organism removal regardless of the host or environment.
Citation
Vojnar B. Investigating the host-pathogen interaction between Vibrio parahaemolyticus and macrophages, understanding the role of reactive oxygen stresses [thesis]. Ann Arbor (MI): ProQuest, LLC; 2020. 80 p.
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