Safety Assessment of Commonly used Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications: Impact on Inflammatory Processes
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Issue Date
2013
Authors
Alnasser, Yossef '13
Degree
MS in Biotechnology
Advisor
Mousa, Shaker
Committee Members
Bharali, Dhrubar
El-Fawal, Hassan|Thangirala, Sudha
El-Fawal, Hassan|Thangirala, Sudha
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Abstract
Nanotechnology offers great promise in the biomedical field. Current knowledge of nanoparticles' (NPs) safety and possible mechanisms of various particle types' toxicity is insufficient. The role of particle properties and the route of particles administration in toxic reactions remain unexplored. In this thesis, we aimed to inspect the interrelationship between particle size, chemical composition and toxicological effects of four candidate NPs for drug delivery systems: gold (Au), chitosan, silica, and poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA). Mice model was combined with in vitro study to explore NPs' safety. We investigated mice survival, weight, behavior, and pro-inflammatory changes. NF-κB induction was assessed in vitro using the Luciferase Assay System. As observed in mice, Au NPs had a higher toxicity profile at a shorter duration than the other NPs. This was significantly in concordance with pro-inflammatory changes which may be the key routes of Au NPs toxicity. Although silica NPs induced NF-κB, they were less toxic to the mice than Au NPs and did not lead to the pro-inflammatory changes. Chitosan NPs were toxic to the mice but failed to cause significant NF-κB induction and pro-inflammatory changes. These findings indicate that chitosan NPs might not have the same pathophysiologic mechanism as the Au NPs. Comparative analysis in this model demonstrated that PLGA NPs is the safest drug delivery candidate to be administered subcutaneously.
Citation
Alnasser, Yossef. "Safety Assessment of Commonly Used Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications : Impact on Inflammatory Processes." Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, New York, Proquest/UMI, 2013.
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